Epoxy coating is a potent and multipurpose coating that offers protection and aesthetics to surfaces, especially floors. In line with what the name suggests, an epoxy coating is a two-component product that consists of a resin and a hardener. A chemical reaction produces a hard, plastic-bearing material when combined which attaches firmly to underlying surfaces to form a tough, smooth and often chemical resistant finish. Not every epoxy is alike, however. The type that you choose is very important to the success of your project. Here is a basic overview of the principal epoxy coating types.
Imagine that you are using extremely strong sandpaper, only that you do not rub it by hand but rather shoot the abrasives through a nozzle with a high air pressure. The technique is common in construction, shipbuilding, automobile repair and metal fabrication industries.
DIY is best suited, light odour and light-duty areas. Epoxy based on water is a convenient choice that is ideal in environments with novices in coating activities or areas where intense odours are an issue such as home or small stores. It relies on water to carry its substances rather than on harsh solvents, thus, there are minimal VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) and the smell is mild. Lightly scented, easy to apply, fast drying and cheaper; it gives a good protective coating against mild wear and moisture. With that said, it is not as waterproof and chemically resistant as its solvent-based counterparts. Moderate traffic places such as residential garage, basements, or priming should use light.
High durability, industrial and tough conditions best suits this variant. It is the conventional high-density epoxy. The formulas provided in solvents have stronger chemicals that enable the penetration of epoxy deep into the pores of the concrete and withstand more hostile conditions.
The solvents help the epoxy move around and generate a stronger, denser layer. This epoxy is very strong, very chemical and abrasion-resisting as well as superior in mitigating moisture. It can withstand spills, heavy equipment, and forklifts. It is however capable of producing high VOCs and high odour which involves very good ventilation and the use of professional safety equipment in most cases.
SOLIDS EPOXY
This is the premium category of epoxy coatings. As the name implies, it contains no solvents or water. The entire mixture cures into a solid film, meaning there is no evaporation during curing—what you mix is what you get on the floor. It offers the highest durability and thickness. It is virtually impervious to harsh chemicals, extreme abrasion, and thermal shock. It produces zero VOCs, though odour can still be present during application. This product is on the costlier side and most difficult to apply since it requires precise mixing and often professional equipment, and the pot life can be very short once it's opened. It offers a smooth finish and also works as a mortar for filling severe cracks and imperfections.
Beyond the basic types, several speciality epoxies are designed for specific looks or functions, such as Anti-Slip Epoxy, Metallic Epoxy, Quartz-Filled Epoxy, etc. Each of these articles comes with a specific purpose and feature and is developed to suit the needs of the user.
Knowing the different kinds of epoxies will help you choose wisely, so your coated surface will look great and last for years.
